Η πείνα στον πόλεμο

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Αφηγήσεις για το θάνατο, την πείνα, αλλά και την απέχθεια για το πράσο από τις αναμνήσεις του εννιάχρονου τότε Αντώνη.

Αυτό το βίντεο είναι διαθέσιμο και στην ειδική ενότητα "Οι αναμνήσεις μου - η Ιστορία μας"

Traduzione in Italiano
La fame a Volos

A Volos dopo e’ iniziata l’occupazione e all’inizio non avevamo capito dal punto di vista della fame, ma dopo e’ stato terrrificante: la fame, non avevamo da mangiare non c’era neienteda mangiare.

Poi e’ iniziato il mercato nero: c’erano greci che avevano la possibilita’ dia vere cibo e lo vendevano mlto caro. Quando dico molto caro era un filone di pane in cambio di una casa e il pane lo mangiavmo con attenzione, pochissimo per farlo durare piccole porzioni.
Ricoro che ho odiato il cipollotto e il sedano perche ce ne era in abbodanza e mia madre cucinava sempre questo con un po’ di sale – che c’era dal mare – e molto poco olio. Lo odiavo. Inoltre non si trovavano lenticchie e fagioli ma una specie di legume che si chiamavano ‘’gyftofasoula (gyfto = zingaro) perche’ avevano la sommita’ scura come la testa degli zingari. Non sapevano di niente e lei mangiavamo in continuazone. Poi poco alla volta la gente si e’ organizzata. Noi avevamo una casa con un piccolo giardino e mia madre ha comprato galline e conigli. Noi costruimmo le gabbie. Pero’ entravano di notte spesso e le rubavano.

Mi ricordo che mia madre mandava dei cesti ad una famiglia a noi molto vicina ma molto povera, oltre questo non mi ricordo altri momenti di solidarieta’. Probabilmente perche’ non c’era niente. (2.30) ceran osepre persone piu; ricche che erano quelli che avevano sterline d’oro – era la moneta piu; sicura – certo non e’ che tutte le figlie avevano sterline d’oro, ma chi le aveva stava un po’ meglio. Non penso che erano molto solidali con gli altri, l’insicurezza del periodo ti faceva conservare quello che avevi. So di famiglie che hanno venduto cappotti, pellicce, posate d’argento a persone che venivano da Atene e vendevano farina, fagioli. La farina era molto costosa. Pensare che non rischiavamo di andare al forno a cuocere il pane. Dovete sapere che allora, anche prima della guerra, non si comprava il pane al forno ma il forno serviva per andare a cuocere il pane che impastava la mamma. Si comprava la farina, acqua, lievito e sale, si metteva all’interno di una tavola di legno con delle conche e lo portavamo io e mia sorella al forno, lo cuocevamo e lo portavamao dietro. Ecco durante la guerra il problema era il riportarlo a casa perche’ venivamo assaliti e lo prendevano. Mi ricordo scene, una scena in cui uscivo dal forno e davanti a me c’era una donna anziana vestita di nero con 2 pezzi di pane e li protava a casa. Due uomini l’anno assalia e le hanno strappatoil pane dalle mani: la donna urlo’ ma dietro c’ero solo io che ero un bambino e non riuscii ad aiutarla. Questo succedeva spessissimo: il problema era la strada di ritorno dal forno perche’ il grano arrivava dai campi.
A volo le cose erano piu’ facili di Atene: ho visto persone morire di fame per strade ma poche, si possono contare sulle dita, mentre ad Atene questo era molto comune. Mi ricordo i carri che portavano le salme al cimitero. Non portavano solo le persone che morivano per strada di fame, ma anche quelli che morivano – forse anche loro di fame – a casa. Mi ricordo il carro: c’erano gli asini che lo trainavano, non cavalli. Avevano due ruote e portavano i corpi al cimitero.
Il cibo in Grecia mancava perche’ i tedeschi sequestravano tutto e lo portavano in Germania. A Volos non avremmo dovuto soffrire la fame perche’ avevamo il campo grande di grano e Pilio che produceva frutta e verdura, ma i tedeschi la prendvano e mandavano tutto in germania. I tedeschi hanno davvero derubato la Grecia in quegli anni e per questo la gente moriva di fame.

English Translation
Hunger in Volos

A Volos when the occupation began we firstly did not understand it in terms of hunger, but after it was very hard: the hunger was big and there was anything to eat.

At a certain point the black market started: And then 'started on the black market: there were Greeks who had the chance to have real food and they sold it extremely expensive. When we say very expensive it means that people would buy a bread offering their house: for this reason we were eating carefully bread. Only small portions to make it last.
I Remember well that I hated the onion and celery because there was plenty of them and my mother always cooked this with little salt - that she was taking from the sea - and very little oil. I hated it. Nor were lentils and beans, but a kind of legume who called themselves'' gyftofasoula (gyfto = Gypsy) 'cause they had the head of a brown color, like the color of the head of Roma people. They had a very neutral taste and we were eating them continuously. Then little by little people get organized. We had a house with a small garden and my mother bought chickens and rabbits. We built the cages but very often somebody came at night and stole them.

I remember that my mother used to send a baskets to a family very close to us but very very poor, beyond that I do not remember other moments of solidarity among people. Probably because there was nothing. There were some more reach families, that had gold pounds – that at the time the British gold pound was the most stable money – but obviously not all the families had golden pounds, but the ones who had it had a bit better times.. I think they were not very sympathetic to others, because the uncertainty of the period made ​​people willing to keep what they had. I know families who have sold coats, furs, and silverware to people who came from Athens and sold it for flour, beans etc. The flour was very expensive. Think that one of the most risky thing was to go to the oven to bake bread. You should know that then, even before the war, we did not by the ready bread but the bakery was used to go to bake the bread prepared by our mother. Everybody was doing this. People was buying the flour, water, yeast and salt, put it inside in a wooden board with locks and was bringing it to the Bakery. Me and my sister were bringing it, than waiting for the cooking time and finally taking it back home. During the war the problem was to arrive back at home safe and with the bread. I remember scenes, particularly a scene when leaving the bakery there was an old lady dressed in black in front of me carrying 2 breads at home. Two men attacked her and took her breads. She screamed for help but I was alone and I was a child and I could not help. This was happening very often. The problem was the way back from the bakery and not how to find the wheat, since there was enough coming from the fields.

In Volos things were easier than in Athens: I have seen people die for hunger in the street but only few that I can count on the fingers of my hand, while in Athens this was very common. I remember the wagon that carried the bodies to the cemetery. They carried not only people who died of hunger in the streets, but also the ones who died - perhaps for hungry too – in their home. I remember the wagon: there was a donkey that hauled, not horses. They had two wheels and they were collecting bodies for the cemetery.

In Greece there should not be the lack of food in Greece but since German confiscated everything to take all the stuff in Germany we suffered for hunger. Volos had big field of corn and Pelion produced a lot of fruit and vegtables, so inVolos we should be ok. But German army took everything really robbing Greece in those years and obliging the people to suffer and dye of hunger.
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